Metaverse platform as a new culture: analysis of fomo phenomenon in college students

Abstract

The phenomenon of Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) is a notable impact associated with the usage of these platforms metaverse. This study focuses on assessing the FoMO levels among university  students and examines variations based on age, gender, and specific FoMO indicators. Adopting a quantitative methodology with a descriptive approach, the research involved 346  students aged 18 to 24. The findings revealed that the highest level of FoMO was classified as high, at 59.5%. Among these, female  students exhibited a higher prevalence of FoMO at 68%, compared to their male counterparts at 48%, who fell into the medium category. The most significant FoMO indicator was the urge to check updates on social media. The study concluded that FoMO levels among students are predominantly high, with minor age-related variations. Gender-wise, a distinction was noted where females showed higher levels of FoMO than males. The compulsion to monitor social media updates emerged as the most prominent FoMO descriptor.

How to Cite
Junaidi, J., Liza, L. O., Ardiya, A., & Situmorang, D. D. B. (2024). Metaverse platform as a new culture: analysis of fomo phenomenon in college students. COUNS-EDU: The International Journal of Counseling and Education, 9(2), 30–38. https://doi.org/10.23916/0020240948620
References
  1. Ali Homaid, A. (2022). Problematic social media use and associated consequences on academic performance decrement during Covid-19. Addictive Behaviors, 132, 107370. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ADDBEH.2022.107370
  2. Almeida, F., Pires, L., Bettencourt, C., Marques, I., & Gomes, A. A. (2022). Social Media at night and Sleep Quality?: the relevance of FOMO, Cognitive Pre-sleep Arousal and Maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation. Sleep Medicine, 100, S303. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SLEEP.2022.05.819
  3. Arpaci, I., Karatas, K., Kusci, I., & Al-Emran, M. (2022). Understanding the social sustainability of the Metaverse by integrating UTAUT2 and big five personality traits: A hybrid SEM-ANN approach. Technology in Society, 71, 102120. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TECHSOC.2022.102120
  4. Article, R., Demir, G., Argan, M., & Dinç, H. (2023). The Age Beyond Sports: User Experience in the World of Metaverse. Journal of Metaverse, 3(1), 19–27. https://doi.org/10.57019/JMV.1176938
  5. Braguez, J., Braguez, M., Moreira, S., & Filipe, C. (2023). The possibilities of changes in learning experiences with Metaverse. Procedia Computer Science, 219, 504–511. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PROCS.2023.01.318
  6. Brailovskaia, J., Ozimek, P., Rohmann, E., & Bierhoff, H. W. (2023). Vulnerable narcissism, fear of missing out (FoMO) and addictive social media use: A gender comparison from Germany. Computers in Human Behavior, 144, 107725. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CHB.2023.107725
  7. Di Blasi, M., Salerno, L., Albano, G., Caci, B., Esposito, G., Salcuni, S., Gelo, O. C. G., Mazzeschi, C., Merenda, A., Giordano, C., & Lo Coco, G. (2022). A three-wave panel study on longitudinal relations between problematic social media use and psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Addictive Behaviors, 134, 107430. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ADDBEH.2022.107430
  8. Duan, H., Li, J., Fan, S., Lin, Z., Wu, X., & Cai, W. (2021). Metaverse for Social Good: A University Campus Prototype. MM 2021 - Proceedings of the 29th ACM International Conference on Multimedia, 153–161. https://doi.org/10.1145/3474085.3479238
  9. Fang, J., Wang, X., Wen, Z., & Zhou, J. (2020). Fear of missing out and problematic social media use as mediators between emotional support from social media and phubbing behavior. Addictive Behaviors, 107, 106430. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ADDBEH.2020.106430
  10. Ifdil, I., Situmorang, D. D. B., Firman, F., Zola, N., Rangka, I. B., & Fadli, R. P. (2023). Virtual reality in Metaverse for future mental health-helping profession: an alternative solution to the mental health challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Public Health, 45(1), e142-e143.
  11. Jabeen, F., Tandon, A., Sithipolvanichgul, J., Srivastava, S., & Dhir, A. (2023). Social media-induced fear of missing out (FoMO) and social media fatigue: The role of narcissism, comparison and disclosure. Journal of Business Research, 159, 113693. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JBUSRES.2023.113693
  12. Kam, C. (2020). Growth in Adult Ego Development and Mentalizing Emotions for an Increasingly Multidimensional God Image. Journal of Pastoral Care & Counseling, 74(4), 250–257. https://doi.org/10.1177/1542305020962018
  13. Kestenbaum, A., Fleischman, C. A., Dabis, M., Birnbaum, B., & Dunn, L. B. (2018). Examination of Spiritual Needs in Hurricane Sandy Disaster Recovery Through Clinical Pastoral Education Verbatims. Journal of Pastoral Care & Counseling, 72(1), 8–21. https://doi.org/10.1177/1542305017748663
  14. Koohang, A., Nord, J. H., Ooi, K. B., Tan, G. W. H., Al-Emran, M., Aw, E. C. X., Baabdullah, A. M., Buhalis, D., Cham, T. H., Dennis, C., Dutot, V., Dwivedi, Y. K., Hughes, L., Mogaji, E., Pandey, N., Phau, I., Raman, R., Sharma, A., Sigala, M., … Wong, L. W. (2023). Shaping the Metaverse into Reality: A Holistic Multidisciplinary Understanding of Opportunities, Challenges, and Avenues for Future Investigation. Journal of Computer Information Systems. https://doi.org/10.1080/08874417.2023.2165197
  15. Li, J. (2023). Impact of Metaverse Cultural Communication on the Mental Health of International Students in China: Highlighting Effects of Healthcare Anxiety and Cyberchondria. American Journal of Health Behavior, 46(6), 809–820. https://doi.org/10.5993/AJHB.46.6.21
  16. Liza, L. O., Rusandi, M. A., & Situmorang, D. D. B. (2023). Binge-watching as one of the new emerging behaviors in the COVID-19 era: Is it dangerous? Journal of Public Health, 45(1), e148–e149. https://doi.org/10.1093/PUBMED/FDAC071
  17. Mac Giolla, E., & Kajonius, P. J. (2019). Sex differences in personality are larger in gender equal countries: Replicating and extending a surprising finding. International Journal of Psychology, 54(6), 705–711. https://doi.org/10.1002/IJOP.12529
  18. Meshi, D., & Ellithorpe, M. E. (2021). Problematic social media use and social support received in real-life versus on social media: Associations with depression, anxiety and social isolation. Addictive Behaviors, 119, 106949. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ADDBEH.2021.106949
  19. Monaco, S., & Sacchi, G. (2023). Travelling the Metaverse: Potential Benefits and Main Challenges for Tourism Sectors and Research Applications. Sustainability 2023, Vol. 15, Page 3348, 15(4), 3348. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU15043348
  20. Oh, H. J., Kim, J., Chang, J. J. C., Park, N., & Lee, S. (2023). Social benefits of living in the metaverse: The relationships among social presence, supportive interaction, social self-efficacy, and feelings of loneliness. Computers in Human Behavior, 139, 107498. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CHB.2022.107498
  21. Rozgonjuk, D., Sindermann, C., Elhai, J. D., & Montag, C. (2020). Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) and social media’s impact on daily-life and productivity at work: Do WhatsApp, Facebook, Instagram, and Snapchat Use Disorders mediate that association? Addictive Behaviors, 110, 106487. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ADDBEH.2020.106487
  22. Shi, F., Ning, H., Zhang, X., Li, R., Tian, Q., Zhang, S., Zheng, Y., Guo, Y., & Daneshmand, M. (2023). A new technology perspective of the Metaverse: Its essence, framework and challenges. Digital Communications and Networks. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.DCAN.2023.02.017
  23. Shi, X., Wang, A., & Zhu, Y. (2023). Longitudinal associations among smartphone addiction, loneliness, and depressive symptoms in college students: Disentangling between– And within–person associations. Addictive Behaviors, 142, 107676. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ADDBEH.2023.107676
  24. Situmorang, D. D. B. (2023a). “Rapid tele-psychotherapy” with single-session music therapy in the metaverse: an alternative solution for mental health services in the future. Palliative & Supportive Care, 21(5), 944-945.
  25. Situmorang, D. D. B. (2023b). Will Metaverse become a more exciting place to listen to music streaming for mental health?. Journal of Public Health, 45(2), e363-e364.
  26. Situmorang, D. D. B. (2023c). Metaverse as a new place for online mental health services in the post-COVID-19 era: is it a challenge or an opportunity?. Journal of Public Health, 45(2), e379-e380.
  27. Sun, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2021). A review of theories and models applied in studies of social media addiction and implications for future research. Addictive Behaviors, 114, 106699. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ADDBEH.2020.106699
  28. Supriyanto, A., Wibowo, M. E., Mulawarman, M., & Japar, M. (2022). FoMO Scale: A Measuring Tool to Analyse the Fear of Missing Out Moments from Others in Adolescents in Indonesia. International Conference on Science, Education, and Technology, 8, 1203–1208. https://proceeding.unnes.ac.id/index.php/ISET/article/view/1884
  29. Tandon, A., Dhir, A., Talwar, S., Kaur, P., & Mäntymäki, M. (2022). Social media induced fear of missing out (FoMO) and phubbing: Behavioural, relational and psychological outcomes. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 174, 121149. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TECHFORE.2021.121149
  30. Tifferet, S. (2019). Gender differences in privacy tendencies on social network sites: A meta-analysis. Computers in Human Behavior, 93, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CHB.2018.11.046
  31. Trunfio, M., & Rossi, S. (2022). Advances in Metaverse Investigation: Streams of Research and Future Agenda. Virtual Worlds 2022, Vol. 1, Pages 103-129, 1(2), 103–129. https://doi.org/10.3390/VIRTUALWORLDS1020007
  32. van der Schyff, K., & Flowerday, S. (2023). The mediating role of perceived risks and benefits when self-disclosing: A study of social media trust and FoMO. Computers & Security, 126, 103071. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.COSE.2022.103071
  33. Wang, J. (2009). A study of resiliency characteristics in the adjustment of international graduate students at american universities. Journal of Studies in International Education, 13(1), 22–45. https://doi.org/10.1177/1028315307308139
  34. Yin, Y., Cai, X., Ouyang, M., Li, S., Li, X., & Wang, P. (2023). FoMO and the brain: Loneliness and problematic social networking site use mediate the association between the topology of the resting-state EEG brain network and fear of missing out. Computers in Human Behavior, 141, 107624. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CHB.2022.107624
  35. Zhang, L., Fan, W., & Li, M. (2022). Proactive personality and entrepreneurial intention: Social class’ moderating effect among college students. The Career Development Quarterly, 70(4), 271–283. https://doi.org/10.1002/CDQ.12308
  36. Zhang, X., Yang, D., Yow, C. H., Huang, L., Wu, X., Huang, X., Guo, J., Zhou, S., & Cai, Y. (2022). Metaverse for Cultural Heritages. Electronics 2022, Vol. 11, Page 3730, 11(22), 3730. https://doi.org/10.3390/ELECTRONICS11223730
  37. Zhang, Y., Ding, Y., Huang, H., Peng, Q., Wan, X., Lu, G., & Chen, C. (2022). Relationship between insecure attachment and mobile phone addiction: A meta-analysis. Addictive Behaviors, 131, 107317. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ADDBEH.2022.107317